The Obligation to Pay Severance Pay in the Termination of Employment: A Legal Analysis of Islamic Economics and Government Regulation No. 35 of 2021 at PT Mopoli Raya Aceh Barat
Kewajiban Pemberian Uang Pesangon dalam Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja: Analisis Hukum Ekonomi Syariah dan PP No. 35 Tahun 2021 di PT Mopoli Raya Aceh Barat
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21111/ijtihad.v20i1.8Keywords:
Termination of Employment, Severance Pay, Islamic Economic Law, Maqāṣid al-SharīʿahAbstract
This study examines the unilateral termination of employment carried out by PT Mopoli Raya Aceh Barat without prior notice and severance pay. The research aims to analyze the conformity of such termination practices with Indonesian labor law and to assess their fairness from the perspective of Islamic Economic Law. Employing a juridical–sociological approach, the study combines normative analysis of labor regulations with empirical data obtained through interviews with former employees, company representatives, and the Aceh Barat Manpower Office. The findings indicate that the company’s actions contravene Law No. 13 of 2003 on Manpower, Law No. 11 of 2020 on Job Creation, and Government Regulation No. 35 of 2021, thereby constituting a breach of the employment agreement. From the perspective of Islamic Economic Law, termination without severance pay violates the principles of ijārah bi al-ʿamal, justice (ʿadl), trust (amānah), and the objective of protecting property (ḥifẓ al-māl) within the framework of maqāṣid al-sharīʿah. Therefore, the resolution of employment relations should prioritize substantive justice, balanced rights and obligations, and the protection of workers’ welfare as an implementation of Islamic ethical values in labor practices.
References
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
al-Ghazālī, Abū Ḥāmid. Al-Mustaṣfā Min ʿIlm Al-Uṣūl. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyyah, 1993.
al-Raisūnī, Aḥmad. Naẓariyyat Al-Maqāṣid ʿinda Al-Imām Al-Syāṭibī. Rabat: Dār al-Kalimah, 1995.
al-Zuḥailī, Wahbah. Uṣūl Al-Fiqh Al-Islāmī, Jilid II. Damaskus: Dār al-Fikr, 1998.
Al-Zuhayli, Wahbah. Al-Fiqh Al-Islami Wa Adillatuhu. Vol. 6. Damascus: Dar al-Fikr, 2006.
An-Na‘im, Abdullahi Ahmed. “Human Dignity in Islamic Constitutionalism.” International Journal of Constitutional Law 6, no. 3–4 (2008): 618–20. https://doi.org/10.1093/icon/mon015.
Angelia, and Gunardi Lie. “Penerapan Uang Pesangon Bagi Pekerja Tetap Atas Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja Secara Sepihak.” JIHHP: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Humaniora Dan Politik 5, no. 2 (2024): 214–28. https://doi.org/10.38035/jihhp.v5i1.
Anwar, M, and M Salih. “Islamic Ethics and Social Justice in Modern Labour Relations: A Maqasid Approach.” Journal of Islamic Business and Management 9, no. 3 (2024): 112–26. https://doi.org/10.26501/jibm.v9i3.2435.
Asyhadie, Zaeni, and Budi Sutrisno. Hukum Kepailitan Dan Penundaan Kewajiban Pembayaran Utang. Jakarta: Rajawali Pers, 2019.
———. Hukum Perusahaan Dan Kepailitan. Jakarta: Erlangga, 2012.
Auda, Jasser. Maqasid Al-Shariah: A Beginner’s Guide. London: International Institute of Islamic Thought, 2008.
———. Maqasid Al-Shariah as Philosophy of Islamic Law. London: International Institute of Islamic Thought (IIIT), 2008.
Ayub, Muhammad. Understanding Islamic Finance. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2007. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119209038.
Collins, Hugh. “Unfair Dismissal and Labour Rights in Comparative Perspective.” International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations 39, no. 1 (2023): 29–51. https://doi.org/10.54648/IJCL2023002.
Deakin, Simon. “Labour Law, Development and the Social Model of Employment.” International Labour Review 145, no. 1–2 (2006): 31–33. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1564-913X.2006.tb00003.x.
Deakin, Simon, and Gillian S Morris. Labour Law. 7th ed. Oxford: Hart Publishing, 2021.
Fadhillah, Rakha, and Arief Suryono. “Penyelesaian Hukum Terhadap Sengketa Wanprestasi Dalam Perjanjian Kerja Yang Dilakukan Oleh Perusahaan Black on Box Cafe Dan Convention.” Jurnal Hukum Inovatif: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Sosial, Dan Humaniora 1, no. 2 (2024): 201–10. https://doi.org/10.62383/humif.v1i2.182.
Finkin, Matthew W, and Guy Mundlak. “Power and Inequality in Employment Relations: Revisiting the Foundations of Labor Law.” Comparative Labor Law & Policy Journal 45, no. 1 (2024): 37–60. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4561289.
Fitri, Rina. “Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja Sepihak Dan Implikasinya Terhadap Para Pihak Dalam Perspektif Akad Ijarah Bi Al-‘Amal (Studi Kasus Putusan No. 6/Pdt.Sus-PHI/2018/PN Bna).” UIN Ar-Raniry, 2023.
Freedland, Mark, and Nicola Kountouris. The Legal Construction of Personal Work Relations. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011.
Friedman, Lawrence M. The Legal System: A Social Science Perspective. New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 1975.
Goldin, Adrian. “Severance Pay and Employment Protection.” Comparative Labor Law & Policy Journal 37, no. 3 (2016): 521–23.
Hammad, Nazih. Mu‘jam Al-Mustalahat Al-Iqtisadiyyah Fi Al-Fiqh Al-Islami. Riyadh: Dar al-Zaman, 2008.
Haneef, M Aslam. “Work, Compensation, and Social Justice in Islamic Economics.” Islamic Economic Studies 31, no. 2 (2023): 45–59. https://doi.org/10.21098/IES.V31I2.017.
Hasanah, Nur, and et al. “Dampak PHK Terhadap Kesejahteraan Buruh Perkebunan.” Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan 21, no. 1 (2020): 88–91.
———. “Peran Perusahaan Perkebunan Terhadap Perekonomian Masyarakat Lokal.” Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan 19, no. 2 (2018): 145–47.
Hasanah, Nur, Afni Abdul Manan, Safina Yulia, and Cut Yasya Fazriah. “Dampak Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja Terhadap Kesejahteraan Karyawan PT Mopoli Raya Baro Paya Panton Reu.” Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Manajemen 2, no. 1B (2025): 1334–38. https://doi.org/10.62710/y32jqh07.
Kamali, M. The Dignity of Man: An Islamic Perspective. Cambridge: Islamic Texts Society, 2023. https://doi.org/10.3366/9781780462009.
Kamali, Muhammad Hashim. Shari‘ah Law: An Introduction. Oxford: Oneworld, 2008.
Kayed, Riad, and M Kabir Hassan. “Islamic Labour Relations and Justice in the Workplace: The Role of Maqasid Al-Shariah.” Journal of Business Ethics 190, no. 3 (2024): 703–19. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-023-05479-y.
Khakim, Abdul. Hukum Ketenagakerjaan Indonesia. Bandung: Citra Aditya Bakti, 2014.
———. Pengantar Hukum Ketenagakerjaan Indonesia. Bandung: Citra Aditya Bakti, 2014.
“Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata (KUHPerdata).” Indonesia, n.d.
Lee, Sangheon, and Deirdre McCann. “Social Dialogue and the Governance of Work Transitions: Global Trends and Policy Lessons.” International Labour Review 163, no. 4 (2024): 517–39. https://doi.org/10.1111/ilr.12261.
Marzuki, Peter Mahmud. Penelitian Hukum. Jakarta: Kencana, 2019.
Miles, Matthew B, A Michael Huberman, and Johnny Saldaña. Qualitative Data Analysis: A Methods Sourcebook. 4th ed. Los Angeles: SAGE Publications, 2020.
Naghfir, Basri, Yayuk Sri Rahayu, and Laith Abdul Hussein Farhan Al-Atabi. “Mudharabah and Maqashid Al-Sharia Al-Shatibi (A Comparative Study of Islamic Microfinance Practices).” AL-IKTISAB: Journal of Islamic Economic Law 9, no. 1 (2025): 1–18. https://doi.org/10.21111/aliktisab.v9i1.15016.
Organization, International Labour. “C158 - Termination of Employment Convention, 1982 (No. 158).” Geneva: International Labour Organization, 1982. https://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=NORMLEXPUB:12100:0::NO::P12100_ILO_CODE:C158.
———. “Convention No. 158 Concerning Termination of Employment.” Geneva: International Labour Office, 1982.
“Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 35 Tahun 2021 Tentang Perjanjian Kerja Waktu Tertentu, Alih Daya, Waktu Kerja, Waktu Istirahat, Dan Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja.” Indonesia, 2021.
Siddiqi, A H. Islamic Labour Law: A Comparative Study. London: Islamic Foundation, 2023. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.22853.83685.
Siddiqi, Muhammad Nejatullah. Role of the State in the Economy: An Islamic Perspective. Leicester: Islamic Foundation, 1996. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.31188.78723.
Soekanto, Soerjono. Pengantar Penelitian Hukum. Jakarta: UI Press, 2019.
Standing, Guy. “The Precariat: Today’s Transformative Class?” Development 57, no. 1 (2014): 18–19. https://doi.org/10.1057/dev.2014.5.
Subekti. Hukum Perjanjian. Jakarta: Intermasa, 2002.
Sugiyono. Metode Penelitian Kualitatif, Kuantitatif, Dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta, 2022.
“Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2003 Tentang Ketenagakerjaan.” Indonesia, 2003.
“Wawancara Dengan Arif Rahman (Kepala Dinas Tenaga Kerja Aceh Barat), Meulaboh,” n.d.
“Wawancara Dengan Ismail (Ketua Serikat Pekerja PT Mopoli Raya), Meulaboh,” n.d.
“Wawancara Dengan Junaidi (Mantan Karyawan Bagian Pemeliharaan Kebun PT Mopoli Raya), Meulaboh,” n.d.
“Wawancara Dengan Safrizal, Mantan Operator Pabrik PT Mopoli Raya, Aceh Barat,” n.d.
“Wawancara Dengan Safrizal (Mantan Operator Pabrik PT Mopoli Raya), Meulaboh,” n.d.
Zaydan, Abd al-Karim. Al-Madkhal Li Dirasat Al-Shari‘ah Al-Islamiyyah. Beirut: Mu’assasah al-Risalah, 2001.
Zulaikah. “Implementasi Maqāṣid Al-Syariah Dalam Penetapan Upah Minimum Pekerja Berbasis Keadilan.” Jurnal Justisia Ekonomika: Magister Hukum Ekonomi Syariah 6, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.30651/justeko.v6i1.10689.
ʿĀsyūr, Ibn. Maqāṣid Al-Syarīʿah Al-Islāmiyyah. Amman: Dār al-Nafā’is, 2001.
Downloads
Submitted
Accepted
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 M. Aulia Ul Haqq, Muhammad Iqbal, Muhammad Husnul
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
